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Jing Yun LI Han Ping LI Lin LI Hong LI Zhe WANG Kun YANG Zuo Yi BAO Dao Min ZHUANG Si Yang LIU Yong Jian LIU Hui XING Yi Ming SHAO 《Cell research》2005,(12)
To understand the prevalence and evolution of drug resistant HIV strains in Henan China after the implementation of free antiretroviral therapy for AIDS patients. 45 drug naive AIDS patients, 118 AIDS patients who received three months antiretroviral therapy and 124 AIDS patients who received six months antiretroviral treatment were recruited in the southern part of Henan province. Information on general condition, antiretroviral medicines, adherence and clinical syndromes were collected by face to face interview. Meanwhile, 14ml EDTA anticoagulant blood was drawn. CD4/CD8 T cell count, viral load and genotypic drug resistance were tested. The rates of clinical improvement were 55.1% and 50.8% respectively three months and six months after antiretroviral therapy. The mean CD4 cell count after antiretroviral therapy was significantly higher than in drug naive patients. The prevalence rate of drug resistant HIV strains were 13.9%, 45.4% and 62.7% in drug naive patients, three month treatment patients and six month treatment patients, respectively.The number of resistance mutation codons and the frequency of mutations increased significantly with continued antiretroviral therapy. The mutation sites were primarily at the 103, 106 and 215 codons in the three-month treatment group and they increased to 15 codon mutations in the six-month treatment group. From this result, the evolution of drug resistant strains was inferred to begin with the high level NNRTI resistant strain, and then develop low level resistant strains to NRTIs. The HIV strains with high level resistance to NVP and low level resistance to AZT and DDI were highly prevalent because of the AZT DDI NVP combination therapy. These HIV strains were also cross resistant to DLV, EFV, DDC and D4T. Poor adherence to therapy was believed to be the main reason for the emergence and prevalence of drug resistant HIV strains. The prevalence of drug resistant HIV strains was increased with the continuation of antiretroviral therapy in the southern part of Henan province. Measures, that could promote high level adherence,provide new drugs and change ART regimens in failing patients, should be implemented as soon as possible. 相似文献
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ZHU Zhaoliang XIONG Zhengqin& XING Guangxi State Key Laboratory of Soil Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China 《中国科学:生命科学英文版》2005,48(Z2)
Asia is the major consumer of fertilizer nitrogen and energy in the world, and consequently shares a considerable proportion of the world creation of reactive nitrogen (Nr). However, if estimated on per capita basis, Asia is characterized by a lower arable land area, fertilizer nitrogen consumption, energy consumption, and gross domestic product, as well as lower daily protein intake. To meet the increasing needs for food and energy for the growing population combined with the improvement of living standards, Nr will inevitably increase. The present study estimates the creation of Nr and the emissions of various N compounds into environment in Asia currently and in 2030. In comparison with the world averages, the lower fertilizer nitrogen and energy use efficiencies, and the lower use of animal wastes for agriculture imply that there is potential for moderating the increase in Nr and its impacts on the environment. Strategies for moderating the increase are discussed. 相似文献
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人工栽培铁皮石斛菌根的细胞学研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
从细胞学水平上研究了人工栽培铁皮石斛的菌根特征。结果表明:真菌与铁皮石斛根成功地形成了菌根,真菌菌丝穿透根被细胞,并在根被的某个细胞中定殖,然后经由外皮层的通道细胞进入皮层薄壁细胞;皮层薄壁细胞层正是真菌与植物体相互作用的活跃部位;真菌侵染大多数的皮层薄壁细胞,并不能侵染内皮层及中柱细胞,从而使根仍然保持生活力。 相似文献
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播散性浅表性光线性汗孔角化症(DSAP)是一种以多个浅表的角化性皮损,边缘轻微嵴状角化性隆起为特征的少见的慢性角化性皮肤病,呈常染色体显性遗传。以往的研究将该病基因定位于12q23.2—24.1区域(DSAP1)和15q25.1-26.1区域(DSAP2)。本研究对2个无关的六代DSAP家系进行了全基因组扫描和连锁分析,结果显示,这2个DSAP家系在D12窝4位点的最高累积LOD值为8.28(θ=0.00)。单倍型分析结果显示,这2个DSAP家系致病基因位于12q24.1-q24.2(D12S330和D12S354)之间8.0cM的区域内。该区域与DSAP1的致病区域部分重叠。对重叠区域内6个候选基因(CRY1,PWP1,ASCL4,PRDM4,KIAA0789和CMKLR1)的编码区进行序列分析,在DSAP病人中未发现突变位点。提示该6个候选基因可能与这2个DSAP家系的发病机理无关。 相似文献
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